Table 14

Effects of JOBSTART

  Experimentals Controls Difference

Received GED or high school
diploma by end of year 4
  Full sample 42.0 28.6 13.4***
  Men 42.0 28.3 13.7***
  Custodial mothers 42.0 26.7 15.3***
  Other women 41.6 31.3 10.4**
Ever employed (%)
  Years 1-4 86.4 86.0 0.4
  Year 1 56.5 60.8 -4.3**
  Year 2 71.0 67.5 3.5*
  Year 3 61.8 61.5 0.3
  Year 4 65.7 64.5 1.3
Total hours worked
  Years 1-4 3031 3071 -40
  Year 1 441 550 -109***
  Year 2 760 775 -15
  Year 3 899 855 44
  Year 4 930 890 40
Total earnings
  Years 1-4 $17,010 $16,796 $214
  Year 1 2097 2596 -499***
  Year 2 3991 4112 -121
  Year 3 5329 4906 423
  Year 4 5592 5182 410
Custodial Mothers
  Ever employed (%)
  Years 1-4 75.4% 71.0% 4.5%
  Total Earnings ($)
  Years 1-4 $8959 $8334 $625
Other Women
  Ever employed (%)
  Years 1-4 84.3 85.3 -1.0
  Total Earnings ($)
  Years 1-4 $13,923 $13,310 $613
Men
  Ever employed (%)
  Years 1-4 94.1 94.5 -0.4
  Total Earnings ($)
  Years 1-4 23,364 23,637 -273
Custodial Mothers
  Ever received AFDC (%)
  Years 1-4 84.8 81.6 3.2
  Total AFDC income ($)
  Years 1-4 9371 9334 37
  Ever pregnant (%)
  Years 1-4 76.1 67.5 8.6**
  Ever gave birth (%)
  Years 1-4 67.8 57.9 9.9**
Other Women
  Ever received AFDC (%)
  Years 1-4 38.0 45.1 -7.1
  Total AFDC income ($)
  Years 1-4 3204 3979 -775
  Ever pregnant (%)
  Years 1-4 64.4 65.6 -1.2
  Ever gave birth (%)
  Years 1-4 52.7 56.5 -3.9
Men Ever arrested
  Year 1 35.1 35.1 -0.1
  Years 1-4 68.9 74.8 -5.8
Ever used any drug in year 4 25.4 31.0 -5.5
Ever used any drug excluding
marijuana in year 4
3.7 10.5 -6.9*
Ever used marijuana in year 4 25.3 30.2 -4.9

Statistical significance: *** = 1 percent; ** = 5 percent; * = 10 percent.

Source: Cave, Bos, Doolittle, and Toussaint (1993), Tables 2--7.