Table 15

Effects on Quarterly Earnings for Major Subgroups of AFDC Applicants and
Recipients, for Various Welfare-to-work Programs

Subgroup | San Diego Baltimore Virginia Arkansas Cook County

First Tier |
  Applicants with No
  Prior AFDC | $+37 $+121 $-13 $+26 $---

Second Tier |
  Applicant Returnees | +158** +188*** +114* +211*** ---
|
  Applicant Returnees
  with Less than $3000
  Prior Earnings | +151** +253*** +20 +202** ---

Third Tier |
  All Recipients | --- +37 +69* +19 +46**
|
  Recipients with More than
  Two Years on AFDC | --- -0 +110** +14 ---
|
  Recipients with No
  Prior Earnings | --- +104** +70 +29 +12
|
  Recipients with No Prior
  Earnings and More than
  Two Years on AFDC | --- +88 +94* +28 ---

All AFDC |
  Quarterly Earnings Impact | +118** +96*** +72** +70** +19
|
  Average Control-Group
  Earnings | 773 634 541 257 451
|

Statistical significance: * = 10 percent; ** = 5 percent, *** = 1 percent.

Source: Friedlander (1988), Table 1.