This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Education through the National Center for Research in Vocational Education, University of California at Berkeley. Supplemental support was provided by RAND's Institute on Education and Training. We thank Carlos Rivera, Brent Boultinghouse, Cathy Krop, Deborah Wesley, and Donna White for research, programming, and secretarial assistance; RAND's Survey Research Group; and Cathleen Stasz, Norton Grubb, Jim McKenny, and Beth Benjamin for advice at various stages of the project. We also thank two anonymous technical reviewers for detailed comments on an earlier draft.